Bertrand Russell（1872-1970），was a British philosopher， logician，mathematician， historian， religious skeptic，social reformer， socialist and pacifist. Althoughhe spent the majority of his life in England， hewas born in Wales， where he also died.Russell led the British "revolt againstidealism" in the early 1900s and is consideredone of the founders of analytic philosophyalong with his protege Wittgenstein and hiselder Frege. He was a prominent anti-waractivist， championing free trade between nationsand anti-imperialism.Russell was imprisonedfor his pacifist activism during World War I，campaigned against Adolf Hitler， for nucleardisarmament， criticised Soviet totalitarianismand the United States of America's involvementin the Vietnam War. In 1950， Russell wasawarded the Nobel Prize in Literature， "inrecognition of his varied and significantwritings in which he champions humanitarianideals and freedom of thought."
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