Chapter 1 Introduction to Translation
1.1 About Translation
1.1.1 Translation as an Industry
1.1.2 Translation as a Profession
1.1.3 Translation as a Major
1.1.4 Translation as a Course
1.2 Nature and Definition of Translation
1.2.1 Difficulty in Defining Translation
1.2.2 Nature of Translation
1.2.3 Definition of Translation
1.3 Translators Competence
1.3.1 A Sense of Responsibility
1.3.2 Bilingual Competence
1.3.3 Bicultural Competence
1.3.4 Encyclopedic Knowledge
Exercises
Chapter 2 A Brief History of Translation
2.1 About Translation History
2.2 A Chinese History of Translation
2.2.1 Three Climaxes of Translation in China
2.2.2 Translation from 1949 to the Present
2.3 A Western History of Translation
2.3.1 An Overview of Western Translation
2.3.2 Six Climaxes of Western Translation
Exercises
Chapter 3 Translation Criteria
3.1 Translation Criteria of China
3.1.1 Early Criteria
3.1.2 Present Criteria
3.2 Translation Criteria of Western Scholars
Exercises
Chapter 4 The Process of Translation
4.1 Description of Translation Process
4.2 The Four-phase Process in Translating
4.3 The Basic Process of Translation
4.3.1 Accurate Comprehension
4.3.2 Adequate Representation
4.3.3 Revision
Exercises
Chapter 5 Contrastive Studies of English and Chinese
5.1 Contrastive Analysis of the Words and Phrases
5.2 Contrastive Analysis of the Sentences
5.2.1 General Description
5.2.2 Syntactic Differences between English and Chinese
5.3 Contrastive Analysis of the Texts
5.3.1 Maintenance of the Original Coherent Structure
5.3.2 Modification of the Original Coherent Structure
5.3.3 Modulation of the Original Thematic Structure
Exercises
Chapter 6 Culture and Translation
Chapter 7 The Unit of Translation
Chapter 8 Translation of Words
Chapter 9 Translation of Sentences
Chapter 10 Translation of English for Science and Technology
Chapter 11 Translation of Legal Documentation
Chapter 12 Translation of Trademarks
Chapter 13 Translation of News Reports
Keys to Translation Exercises
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